Big Data Analytics in K-12 Education

Abstract :

Host-specific bacteriophages against some enteric human pathogens were isolated from Ganga water collected from Har Ki Pauri of Haridwar. Development of clear plaques on the host bacteria, i.e., Escherichia coli ATCC27 853, Salmonella typhi MTCC 733 and Klebsiella pneumoniae MTCC 432, indicated the presence of lytic bacteriophages. All the three bacteriophages infected their respective host and formed plaques characterized with different sizes, shapes and numbers showing their host-specificity. Cross-infectivity test showed that each phage infected only its host bacteria but not the others. Number of plaques formed on lawn of S. typhi was the maximum and that on K. pneumoniae was the minimum. However, the plaques formed on lawn of K. pneumoniae were the largest in size. Scanning electron
microscopy revealed deformities in the Phage-infected bacterial cells due to lysis by phages and by damaging the structure of the cell wall and cell membrane.